Nipper comes from the Navy, so I'm told. In the days of sail, when raising an anchor they used two capstans linked by an endless loop of rope. The anchor cable (big rope) was tied or 'nipped' to the endless loop with smaller pieces of cord. Small boys would run alongside the cable as it was hauled in repeatedly tying and untying the cords. They were called nippers.
I knew that.
This is an interesting proposition: http://osmoticpower.com/ Perhaps we could use the frozen fresh water to generate energy? It would be even more efficient because the temperature difference could also be exploited.
Just a thought... There is expected to be a world shortage of fresh water and the concern about the change in the Gulf Stream is thought to be due to melting glaciers affecting the North Atlantic, so.... load up all the ice before it hits the sea and transport it to the dry areas!
The question is 'how significant'? Increased temperatures lead to more water vapour which means more clouds which reflect more sunlight into space. Earlier climate models took no account of this effect. The reason for this was 'we did not know what effect clouds had so we left it out of our model'. This is also why solar activity is possibly more important than previously thought. An increase in high energy solar radiation has been proposed as causing more cloud formation.
There is plenty of food for discussion here: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_variation
It's Wikipedia so the usual caveats apply.
It might be the reason now but it certainly wasn't in all the previous occasions so we ought to be sure what's happening and why.
More about the Gulf Stream:
http://articles.latimes.com/2007/jul/08/news/adfg-gulf8
Ther'es a bit here saying that we have no idea whether it will stop or not. We always have to remember who is publishing this stuff, there are a lot of people scrabbling about for limited research money.
http://www.whoi.edu/page.do?pid=12455&tid=282&cid=9986
Oh no, what have I done? Now I've got to go and dive through all those reports I've read over the last few years. Oh well, let's see what we find...
(We don't actually get the Gulf Stream, just the North Atlantic Drift, but it's effect is similar)
The 'western' side is reducing but the 'east' is increasing. (I'm not sure how there can be an East and West in Antarctica but what do I know?)
http://www.news.com.au/antarctic-ice-is-growing-not-melting-away/story-0-1225700043191